There are different data sources. The classic one for the US was the DLG or "Digital Line Graph", first generation vector data, digitized from the 1:24k raster maps. The data is no longer that easy to find, but USGS Earth Explorer still has them. The data format is either SDTS or opt. You will need a tool, "DLG2SHP", to convert into something TransDEM can understand. The tool should still be around on a number of websites.I was watching one of the video tutorials on the TransDEM website and was wondering if anyone knew of any websites that have vector data for the U.S. like the website used in the video? (Second tutorial video on TransDEM forums page.) Would be a big help, thanks.
You also have to get rid of the bounding boxes. The TransDEM simple vector editor can help.
A bit cumbersome, but doable.
The latest vector data source, the current edition of the topo maps in GeoPDF format, does not yet come with the railroad layer, so we don't have to worry how to extract the data as vectors.